Heolleung, the tomb of King Taejong, Seocho-gu, Seoul
Heolleung, the tomb of King Taejong, Seocho-gu, Seoul

Tombus20032000 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Source

Person1367 – 1422

Taejong (Yi Bang-won)

Third king of Joseon, who seized power in the Strifes of Princes and strengthened royal authority

Yi Seong-gye's fifth son. He had Jeong Mong-ju killed to clear the way for Joseon's founding and removed Jeong Do-jeon in the First Strife of Princes. As king he abolished private armies and introduced the system of the Six Ministries reporting directly to the throne, enforced the hopae identity tag law and set up the sinmungo petition drum. He made the Office of the Censor-General independent to check high officials and curbed royal in-laws and merit subjects. The Gyemi type was cast, jeohwa paper money issued and the Honil gangni yeokdae gukdo jido map made under him. After handing the throne to Sejong in 1418 he kept military power as retired king and led the Expedition to Tsushima.

Where they went

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11 related events

  1. 1

    Jeong Mong-ju, leader of the moderate scholar-officials who defended Goryeo against a change of dynasty, was killed at Seonjuk Bridge in Gaegyeong by Yi Bang-won’s men; three months later Yi Seong-gye took the throne.

  2. 2
    1392Founding of Joseonparticipant

    Yi Seong-gye overthrew Goryeo and founded Joseon, moving the capital to Hanyang in 1394.

  3. 3

    Yi Bang-won killed Jeong Do-jeon and the crown prince and seized power; after a second strife in 1400 he became King Taejong.

  4. 4

    Taejong abolished private armies and had the Six Ministries report directly to the king; he introduced the hopae identity tag and set up the petition drum (sinmungo).

  5. 5

    Taejong set up the Saseomseo office and issued jeohwa, paper money made from mulberry bark.

  6. 6

    Kim Sa-hyeong, Yi Mu and Yi Hoe combined Yuan maps with maps of Joseon and Japan to make the world map Honil gangni yeokdae gukdo jido.

  7. 7
    1403Gyemi type castmonarch

    King Taejong set up the Type Foundry (Jujaso) and cast the Gyemi type, the first metal movable type made in Joseon.

  8. 8

    A secondary palace built by King Taejong in 1405. Its halls follow the natural terrain, and after the Imjin War it long served as the main palace. It became a World Heritage Site in 1997.

  9. 9

    Under King Taejong the Annals of King Taejo were compiled, beginning the practice of compiling each king’s annals after his death. They cover 472 years, from Taejo to Cheoljong, in chronological form.

  10. 10

    To strike the pirates at their base, Yi Jong-mu attacked Tsushima with some 200 ships; trade was later allowed under the 1443 treaty.

  11. 11
    1485Joseon system of governmentrelated figure

    Joseon built a central government around the State Council and Six Ministries, checked by the Three Offices, and a local administration sending governors and magistrates to the eight provinces. It was codified in the Gyeongguk daejeon (1485).

Related works

Dramatized works (films, dramas, novels) may differ from the historical record.

People who appear alongside

  • Taejo (Yi Seong-gye)1335 – 1408

    Founder and first king of Joseon, formerly a general who fought Japanese pirates and the Red Turbans

  • Jeong Do-jeon1342 – 1398

    Neo-Confucian architect of the new dynasty who named the palace and capital gates; killed in the First Strife of Princes

  • Sejong the Great1397 – 1450

    Fourth king of Joseon, creator of Hangul, patron of science and of the northern frontier

  • Jeong Mong-ju1337 – 1392

    Leader of the moderate Confucian reformers, killed at Seonjuk Bridge by Yi Bang-won’s men for staying loyal to Goryeo

  • King Gongyang1345 – 1394

    Last king of Goryeo, placed on the throne by Yi Seong-gye’s faction; the Gwajeon Law was enacted in his reign

  • Yi Jong-mu1360 – 1425

    Early Joseon general who led the 1419 expedition to Tsushima

  • Sejo (Grand Prince Suyang)1417 – 1468

    Seized power in the 1453 coup and took the throne from his nephew Danjong

  • Seongjong1457 – 1495

    Ninth king of Joseon, who completed the Gyeongguk daejeon code and promoted Sarim scholars

Themes this person appears in

  • Song, Ming and Samurai JapanAD 960 – 1500

    The age when the civil-minded Song bought peace from Liao, Western Xia and Jin while the lower Yangtze boomed and Neo-Confucianism took shape, and the Ming, having driven out the Yuan, rebuilt the East Asian order through imperial autocracy, the sea ban and tribute — as Japan passed through the Kamakura and Muromachi warrior governments into the Warring States era, and Korea from Goryeo to Joseon

  • Turkic-Islamic Empires and Other Civilizations1000 – 1533

    From the Ghaznavid raids on India to the Mughal Empire and Suleiman I — five centuries in which Turkic-led Islamic empires took western Asia and India, while Africa, Southeast Asia and the Americas raised civilisations of their own

  • History of Korean CurrencyAD 996 – 1905

    From Geonwon Jungbo to the 1905 currency reform — how coins took hold in an economy of rice and cloth, and how monetary sovereignty was lost

  • Central Government Through the AgesAD 250 – 1899

    From the noble councils of the Three Kingdoms to the State Council, the Border Defense Council and the Gabo cabinet — how central government shifted between aristocratic consensus and royal power

  • Local Administration Through the AgesAD 250 – 1896

    From the five regions of the Three Kingdoms through nine provinces, the five circuits and two frontiers and the eight provinces to the thirteen — how directly the centre came to rule the regions

  • Writing Korean HistoryAD 375 – 1931

    From the Seogi, Guksa and Sinjip to the Joseon sanggosa — history-writing as royal display, Confucian record, assertion of independence and nationalist scholarship

  • Printing and Documentary HeritageAD 751 – 2011

    From the Dharani Sutra to the May 18 archives — woodblock and metal-type printing, and the records inscribed on the Memory of the World

  • Science and Technology HeritageAD 633 – 1861

    From Cheomseongdae to the Daedong yeojido — instruments and maps that measured the sky, kept time, gauged rain and charted the land

  • Intangible and World Heritage2000 BC – 1850

    From the dolmens to Namhansanseong on the World Heritage List, from Jongmyo ritual music to ssireum on the Intangible Heritage lists — where each came from and when it was inscribed

  • GaeseongAD 901 – 2003

    From Wang Geon, lord of Songak, to the Kaesong Industrial Complex — Gaegyeong, Goryeo’s capital for five centuries, and home of the Song merchants

  • ChungjuAD 450 – 1895

    From the Goguryeo stele to Tangeumdae — Jungwon, the middle of the Namhan River route that the Three Kingdoms fought over

  • JeonjuAD 685 – 1894

    From Wansanju, capital of Later Baekje, to the ancestral seat of the Joseon royal house — where the Annals were saved and the Donghak army took the fortress