Sunjo

Where they went

4 related events

1. 1
   1800 – 1863In-law Government (Sedo Politics)monarch

   For some sixty years after Jeongjo, through the reigns of Sunjo, Heonjong and Cheoljong, royal in-law clans such as the Andong Kim and Pungyang Jo monopolized power; the three taxes became corrupt and peasant revolts followed.

2. 2
   1801Catholic Persecution of 1801monarch

   Queen Jeongsun banned Catholicism and had Yi Seung-hun and about a hundred believers executed; Jeong Yak-yong and his brother were exiled.

3. 3
   1801Emancipation of Government Slavesmonarch

   Sunjo freed some 66,000 slaves belonging to the royal household and central government offices — a sign of the late-Joseon loosening of status.

4. 4
   1811 – 1812Hong Gyeong-nae Rebellionmonarch

   Hong Gyeong-nae rose against discrimination toward Pyeongan Province and in-law clan rule; the rebels swept the north but were crushed after holding Jeongju for four months.

People who appear alongside

• 
  Queen Jeongsun1745 – 1805

  Regent for the young Sunjo who launched the 1801 persecution of Catholics

• Kim Jo-sun1765 – 1832

  Andong Kim father-in-law of King Sunjo whose hold on power began the era of in-law (sedo) government

• Heonjong1827 – 1849

  Twenty-fourth king of Joseon, enthroned at eight while the Pungyang Jo and Andong Kim clans fought for power; the 1839 persecution took place in his reign

• Cheoljong1831 – 1863

  Twenty-fifth king of Joseon, raised on Ganghwa and placed on the throne by the Andong Kim clan; after the 1862 uprisings he set up an office to reform the three taxes

• 
  Jeong Yak-yong (Dasan)1762 – 1836

  Silhak scholar who helped design Hwaseong; exiled to Gangjin, where he wrote the Mongmin simseo

• Yi Seung-hun1756 – 1801

  First Korean baptized a Catholic, in Beijing in 1784; he founded the first Korean Catholic community and was executed in 1801

• Jeong Yak-jeon1758 – 1816

  Jeong Yak-yong's elder brother who, exiled to Heuksando in the Catholic Persecution of 1801, surveyed its sea life in the Jasan eobo

• 
  Hong Gyeong-nae1771 – 1812

  Impoverished noble who led the 1811 uprising in Pyeongan; killed at Jeongju

Themes this person appears in

• Factional Politics in Joseon1498 – 1863

  From the literati purges to in-law government — how Sarim factions moved from coexistence and checks to purges and one-faction rule, then through Tangpyeong to the dominance of a few clans

• Changes in TaxationAD 755 – 1894

  From land tax, tribute and labour to cash taxes in the Gabo Reform — burdens shifting from people and households to land