
Unknown author · Public domain · Source
Pierre-Gustave Roze
Commander of the French Far East squadron who attacked Ganghwa in 1866

Unknown author · Public domain · Source
Commander of the French Far East squadron who attacked Ganghwa in 1866
Citing the persecution of Catholics, a French squadron occupied Ganghwa. Yang Heon-su drove it off at Jeongjok Fortress, and the French withdrew with looted royal archives.


Gojong's father and regent, who rebuilt Gyeongbokgung and rejected Western trade
From the Opium War to the Boxer Protocol — sixty years in which China, Japan and Korea, forced open by Western gunboats, each tried to reform and went separate ways
From the Dharani Sutra to the May 18 archives — woodblock and metal-type printing, and the records inscribed on the Memory of the World
From dolmens to the Treaty of Ganghwa — Goryeo’s refuge capital and the stage of Korea’s opening, the island the kingdom fell back on in every crisis