Person1871 – 1908

Guangxu Emperor

Eleventh Qing emperor (r. 1875–1908) who backed Kang Youwei’s reforms but was confined after the coup of 1898

Where they went

1
1898Hundred Days’ Reform and the Coup of 1898monarch
Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao persuaded the Guangxu Emperor to launch reforms toward a constitutional monarchy on the Meiji model, but Empress Dowager Cixi’s coup ended them after about a hundred days.

Kang Youwei1858 – 1927
Qing reformer who led the Hundred Days’ Reform, seeking a constitutional monarchy on the model of Meiji Japan
Liang Qichao1873 – 1929
Disciple of Kang Youwei in the Hundred Days’ Reform who, after the coup, spread new ideas from exile in Japan through his journals
Empress Dowager Cixi1835 – 1908
Consort of the Xianfeng Emperor and mother of the Tongzhi Emperor who held real power in Qing China for nearly half a century and crushed the 1898 reforms

The Opening of East Asia1839 – 1901
From the Opium War to the Boxer Protocol — sixty years in which China, Japan and Korea, forced open by Western gunboats, each tried to reform and went separate ways