Uthman

Where they went

3 related events

1. AD 632 – AD 661The Rashidun Caliphatemonarch

   After Muhammad’s death four caliphs, from Abu Bakr to Ali, led the Muslim world. In this period the Arabs conquered Byzantine Syria and Egypt and Sasanian Persia.

2. 1
   AD 636 – AD 651Fall of the Sasanian Empire and the Muslim Conquest of Western Asiamonarch

   Arab armies defeated the Sasanians at Qadisiyya (636) and Nahavand (642), and with the death of the last king, Yazdegerd III, in 651 Sasanian Persia came to an end.

3. 2
   AD 650Compilation of the Qur’anleader

   Caliph Uthman had the revelations, until then handed down in scattered forms, gathered into one standard text and sent to the provinces — the Qur’an used to this day.

People who appear alongside

• UmarAD 584 – AD 644

  Second caliph (634–644), whose armies conquered Syria, Egypt, Iraq and Persia, and who fixed the Islamic calendar from the year of the Hijra

• Abu BakrAD 573 – AD 634

  First caliph (632–634), Muhammad’s close companion and father-in-law, chosen to lead the community after Muhammad’s death (the Shia hold that Ali should have succeeded); he reunited Arabia

• AliAD 600 – AD 661

  Fourth caliph (656–661), Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, whom the Shia revere — with his descendants — as the only rightful successors (imams); assassinated at Kufa

• Muawiya IAD 602 – AD 680

  Founder of the Umayyad caliphate (661–680); as governor of Syria he opposed Ali, made Damascus his capital and named his son as heir, making the caliphate hereditary

• Yazdegerd IIIAD 651

  Last king of Sasanian Persia (632–651), who fled east after a string of defeats by the Arabs and was killed near Merv, ending the dynasty

Themes this person appears in

• The Rise of the Islamic WorldAD 570 – 1055

  From the revelation to Muhammad to the Seljuk entry into Baghdad — 450 years in which a new faith from Arabia built a civilisation stretching from Iberia to Central Asia and reached as far as Silla by sea