Lu Xun
Also called: Lu Hsün, Zhou Shuren
Leading writer of modern Chinese literature whose vernacular stories “A Madman’s Diary” and “The True Story of Ah Q” sharply criticized old customs and the national character
Born Zhou Shuren into a declining gentry family in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, he studied medicine at Sendai in Japan. He later recalled that a lantern slide from the Russo-Japanese War, showing Chinese onlookers watching a fellow Chinese being executed, convinced him that the spirit mattered more than the body, and he turned to literature. Back in China he worked as an education ministry official and lecturer in Beijing while writing fiction and essays. From 1927 he lived in Shanghai, led the League of Left-Wing Writers and attacked the Nationalist government in biting essays until his death from tuberculosis in 1936.