Babur
Also called: Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur
Founder of the Mughal Empire (r. 1526–1530), a descendant of Timur who overthrew the Delhi Sultanate at the Battle of Panipat
Son of Umar Shaikh, ruler of Ferghana, he succeeded his father at eleven. He took and lost Samarkand three times and, pushed back by the Uzbeks, moved to Kabul in 1504. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat in 1526 and a Rajput coalition at Khanwa in 1527, winning northern India. His Turkic memoir, the Baburnama, records nature, gardens and people as well as war.