William the Conqueror
Also called: William I of England, William the Bastard
Duke of Normandy who won the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and became king of England (Norman dynasty)
The illegitimate son of Duke Robert I of Normandy, he inherited the duchy at about seven. Growing up amid rebellions, he built Normandy into a strong duchy. After the conquest he handed most Anglo-Saxon nobles’ lands to Normans and built many castles, including the White Tower of the Tower of London. In 1086 he had the land and property of the whole kingdom surveyed in the Domesday Book. He died at Rouen of an injury received while fighting the king of France.