Person1194 – 1250
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1220–1250) and King of Sicily who, while excommunicated, regained Jerusalem by negotiation in the Sixth Crusade
Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1220–1250) and King of Sicily who, while excommunicated, regained Jerusalem by negotiation in the Sixth Crusade
The excommunicated Emperor Frederick II, without fighting, negotiated with Sultan al-Kamil of Egypt to receive Jerusalem for ten years.
Ayyubid sultan of Egypt (r. 1218–1238) who defeated the Fifth Crusade and ceded Jerusalem to Frederick II by treaty in 1229
From the Council of Clermont to the fall of Acre — two centuries of war between Latin Europe and the Islamic world over the Holy Land